Mu Jin, Marwan Osman, Brianna A. Green, Yufan Yang, Aditi Ahuja, Zhengyu Lu & Casey L. Cazer. Evidence for the transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria between humans and companion animals: A scoping review. One Health. 2023;17:100593. doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100593 — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10336692/

B.A. Wee, D.M. Muloi & B.A.D. van Bunnik. Quantifying the transmission of antimicrobial resistance at the human and livestock interface with genomics. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2020 Dec;26(12):1612–1616. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.09.019 — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.09.019 / https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7721588/

C. Morel. Transmission of antimicrobial resistance from livestock agriculture to humans and from humans to animals. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 133. 2019. doi:10.1787/fcf77850-en — https://doi.org/10.1787/fcf77850-en

“You and Your Pet Can Share Resistance to Certain Medications. Here’s How.” Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, May 13, 2025

Key References – Antimicrobial Resistance (Plain-Language Summaries)

1. Jin et al., 2023 – One Health
   This review shows that companion animals and humans can share antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with evidence that transmission may occur in both directions through close contact.
   https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10336692/
2. Wee et al., 2020 – Clinical Microbiology and Infection
   Using genomic data, this study demonstrates that antimicrobial resistance genes can move between livestock and human populations within shared
   production and environmental systems.
   https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7721588/
3. OECD, 2019
   This international report confirms that livestock production can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance to humans, while also Highlighting that transmission can occur from humans to animals.
   https://doi.org/10.1787/fcf77850-en
4. Tufts University – Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, 2025
   This article, based on veterinary clinical data, illustrates that pets and their owners may share resistant bacteria when living in the same household
   environment.
   https://now.tufts.edu/2025/05/13/you-and-your-pet-can-share-resistance-certain-medications-heres-how/
5. World Health Organization, 2024
   The WHO emphasizes that controlling antimicrobial resistance is only possible through a One Health approach integrating human health, animal health, and environmental stewardship.